L9

Go off – when fruit goes off
To go bad/ to go rotten (fruit/veg) / to spoil (US)
Sell-by-dates
To be out of (sell-by-) date – date by which the shops should sell an item (perishable item = dairy/ meat)
Use-by-date = the date by which the consumer should use/ eat a perishable item
Left-overs (n) = food which is uneaten after a meal
Rationing: receive a small portion of staple food (rice/ bread)
Rubbish dump (landfill)
Cultivating the land – poor quality soil / barren land (difficult to grow anything)
To harvest : to gather crops and produce
To suffer from a bad harvest (a failed harvest)
Pickle (v) vegetables - to preserve them
Cellar/ basement : pantry = to store food in a cold environment
Plough /ow/
Stalk / (seeds)/ grains = rice/ wheat/ barley/ malt
(mills = building/ organisation which processes grains)
A skip (n) : an industrial waste bin
Renovate
Penalised
Homeless person/ tramp
Soup kitchens – a place where homeless people can go to receive free food
Dumpster (USA) = a skip (UK)
A dumpster diver = a person who scavenges food from skips/ restaurant waste to eat
People are obsessed with cleanliness – don’t want to touch their food
it’s the nature of the beast” – it’s a side-effect/ a situation which can’t be changed easily
Big business processes food – packages = profit
To curdle – milk gone bad
Mouldy (adj)   sour (adj)
The cheese has gone off – that’s gone off
To take out – to take a doggy bag
Contaminated
Packaged – sealed
The biggest culprits are the supermarkets
Culprit = “wrong doer”/ things or person most responsible for a bad action
A thorny issue – difficult to resolve
A sticky issue (inf)
Staple:
1)           Staple (adj) – basic or minimum requirement (often to live) eg a staple food (rice/ potatoes)
2)           A staple/ to staple: to join paper by a small metal clip. A stapler = tool to join papers
Stomach stapling – a gastric band 
 
article website:  http://freegan.info/

L3

Practice:
First conditional. There are notes and 4 online practice tasks:


Notes from today:
Family life is very important to Asian people.
Traditionally, Chinese people had a strong relationship.
Family life is not as important as before as a lot of people don’t get married and they live alone; they think family life is not important.
In a small family, everyone is very happy and there is more time to communicate because there are fewer people. Everyone can fit into one car and go on holiday together!
Having a small family means you spend less money. However, the number of children in a family is decreasing – families are getting smaller.
The child can be more mature and look after many family members.
Having a small family means less people to play with and there is less excitement!
Having a small family means there are fewer people to help/ fewer personal relationships.
In Japan, big families are very poor. In Japan (only) the family can broadcast a TV programme on “Big Daddy!” if they have 14 children. The mother in a big family must be very strong to give birth to 14 children.
Having a big family means you have lots of support. 

First conditional:
If it rains today,                    I will cancel my plans.
     Possible: future                 result
If I eat 10 ice-creams, I will definitely have a stomach ache!
     Possible: future                  result
If I pass my English test next week,   I will be glad.
      Possible: future                                      result 

If  it rains today,                   I will cancel my plans.
If + subject + present tense            ,           Subject + WILL/ WON’T + infinitive
If it doesn’t rain today   ,  I won’t cancel my plans.
If it doesn’t rain today   ,  I will go to the park.
I will cancel my plans if it rains today
      I’ll  cancel my plans…

0: Before I leave home, I always eat breakfast = 0 conditional – always true
If you heat ice, it melts.
If + present tense,   present tense    (NO will)
________________________________________________________________
1st: If I am late for class, ……I will be upset : possible future
                                                                                                Likely
If I don’t study hard, I won’t be promoted (present passive)
If + present tense,   WILL/ WON’T + Inf
____________________________________________________________________
2nd: If I were/was a boy, I would ….. 2nd conditional = unlikely/ impossible things (unreal time)
If I were an animal, I would be a lion!     If I had a baby, I would call it Motoko!
If + past tense,    WOULD/ WOULDN’T+ inf
*If it rains, I’ll go home   If it rained, I’d go home
_________________________________________________________________
3rd:
If I had stayed in Japan, my English wouldn’t have got better. = past regrets/ changes
Shunsuke didn’t stay in Japan         , he English did improve
If + past perfect      ,  Would/ wouldn’t + HAVE + pp/ v3

L9 USA UK English

Follow these link to the bbc article on Americanism in British English:


Summarise the main points of the article for Thursday's lesson.

L9

Poverty – visiting the living conditions in 3rd world/ developing countries
Slum / shanty towns: slum tourism
 
The ethics of visiting slums.
: morals, principles
Immoral
Inferior
Look down (up)on
I have some moral reservations regarding….
Take pictures
Voyeuristic           superficial
You connect at a surface level
As well as
Raises awareness of global living  standards
 Slum tourism/ Tourism: do local communities benefit from it?
Positive
negative
·      Meeting different cultures
·      Benefiting the local economy
·      (Exotic experience)
·      Support for political change in government policies on …housing…leading to an improvement in the environment
·      Education: awareness raising
 
 
 
 
·      Pollution/ increase in traffic
·      Suffering from the economic burden: prices could rise if tourism grows; this could price-out local people
·      Negative psychological impact (voyeurism)
·      Money doesn’t go to the locals; no direct benefit